Problem Statement Program 6
Develop a program to classify Dry and Wet Waste using Moisture Sensor.
To develop a Smart Waste Classification System using an Arduino Uno and a Moisture Sensor. The system automatically detects the moisture content of waste and classifies it as Wet Waste or Dry Waste. The classification result is displayed on an LCD, and a servo motor is used to sort the waste automatically.
Components Required Hardware
Arduino Uno Board – 1
Soil Moisture Sensor (or DHT22 as per kit) – 1
HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor – 1
Servo Motor (SG90) – 1
16×2 LCD Display with I2C Module – 1
Breadboard – 1
Jumper Wires – As Required
USB Cable – 1
Arduino IDE Software
Procedure Step by step
Step 1:
Take an Arduino Uno board, Moisture Sensor, HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor, Servo Motor, LCD Display, breadboard, jumper wires, and USB cable.
Step 2:
Connect the Arduino 5V pin to the breadboard positive rail and GND to the negative rail.
Step 3:
Connect the Moisture Sensor VCC to Arduino 5V.
Step 4:
Connect the Moisture Sensor GND to Arduino GND.
Step 5:
Connect the Moisture Sensor Analog Output to Arduino Analog Pin A0.
Step 6:
Connect the HC-SR04 VCC to Arduino 5V.
Step 7:
Connect the HC-SR04 GND to Arduino GND.
Step 8:
Connect the TRIG pin of the ultrasonic sensor to Digital Pin 9.
Step 9:
Connect the ECHO pin of the ultrasonic sensor to Digital Pin 10.
Step 10:
Connect the Servo Motor Signal wire to Digital Pin 11.
Step 11:
Connect the Servo Motor VCC to 5V and GND to Arduino GND.
Step 12:
Connect the 16×2 LCD (I2C)
SDA → Arduino SDA (A4)
SCL → Arduino SCL (A5)
VCC → 5V
GND → GND
Step 13:
Connect the Arduino Uno to the computer using a USB cable.
Step 14:
Open the Arduino IDE.
Step 15:
Select Tools → Board → Arduino Uno.
Step 16:
Select the correct COM Port.
Step 17:
Copy and paste the Arduino program.
Step 18:
Compile and upload the program.
Step 19:
Place a waste object near the ultrasonic sensor.
Step 20:
Observe the moisture value, LCD display, and servo motor movement for wet or dry waste classification.
Circuit Connection Wiring
Moisture Sensor VCC → Arduino 5V
Moisture Sensor GND → Arduino GND
Moisture Sensor AO → Arduino Analog Pin A0
HC-SR04 TRIG → Arduino Digital Pin 9
HC-SR04 ECHO → Arduino Digital Pin 10
HC-SR04 VCC → Arduino 5V
HC-SR04 GND → Arduino GND
Servo Signal → Arduino Digital Pin 11
Servo VCC → Arduino 5V
Servo GND → Arduino GND
LCD SDA → Arduino A4 (SDA)
LCD SCL → Arduino A5 (SCL)
LCD VCC → Arduino 5V
LCD GND → Arduino GND
Circuit Diagram 1 image
Arduino Code (C++) Source
#include <Servo.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
const int trigPin = 9;
const int echoPin = 10;
const int soilMoisturePin = A0;
Servo myservo;
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27,16,2);
long duration;
int distance;
const int distanceThreshold = 100;
const int moistureThreshold = 500;
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);
myservo.attach(11);
lcd.init();
lcd.backlight();
}
void loop()
{
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
delayMicroseconds(2);
digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(10);
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);
distance = duration * 0.034 / 2;
int moistureValue = analogRead(soilMoisturePin);
lcd.clear();
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
lcd.print("Moist:");
lcd.print(moistureValue);
if(distance > 0 && distance < distanceThreshold)
{
if(moistureValue > moistureThreshold)
{
myservo.write(0);
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print("Wet Waste");
Serial.println("Wet Waste");
}
else
{
myservo.write(90);
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print("Dry Waste");
Serial.println("Dry Waste");
}
}
delay(1000);
}